Assingment 4, interviewing

 Okay for this assignment i thought i would go for the 'What object do people treasure the most? Why?' question because i find it rather interesting in what favourite objects say about people, and wanted to find out what people saw as treasurable, and what makes an object treasured. I started out by doing a little brief mind map just to look into the areas i would like to find out more in this question.

 
I mostly wanted to find out more about what makes objects treasurable, and what does it take to become meaningful to someone.
 So i decided to have some semiformal interviews, and took some notes, this was something i think would take practice to get the nack of. Most of the notes taken were rather roughs notes taking as i found it a little challenging trying to make sure i am looking interested and making eye contact with the people i was talking to rather than having my head to a piece of paper , although overall i am pleased with what i found out. A note taking this way can still be rather effective giving you remember bits in-between not scribbled down. Perhaps in the future i would make use of a recording device to capture audio but for these purposes note taking worked well.

 People connect to objects that have a significant meaning to themselves, whether it is a photograph in which they can look at and look back upon , a highly skilled photographer may not appreciate an amateur family photograph and may say loads of things wrong with it in a professional view but in the case of emotionally attachment means nothing people use photographs as they are an excellent way of remembering, bringing you back to a time were you were with those people you cared about, a great day you had. Memorable occasions like family weddings, christenings, those things that happen only once but you have the photographs forever for remembrance of that happy time.

I think to make an everyday normal object actually treasurable to someone, they key is to connect to the person, mostly I found people in general are very sentimental, it’s the whole idea of having that emotional attachment to something, it may be because it has been given to you by someone you loved precious perhaps they had made it or it is significantly precious to you because by this person

I found for something to be treasured money is not the biggest factor, although it was interesting that everyone I had asked referred to jewellery as being something they think people would treasure. I think this is because jewellery in my opining almost always has a more in depth meaning than oh I bought it, people that have a special jewellery piece that they were often may not be necessary the dearest but you’d often have a story behind it.

If I was to look at this as a jewellery designer designing a piece of jewellery that will connect to the buyer, I would need to think about making versatile jewellery that can mean different things to different people. Since photographs seems to be a good way to bring up memories a sense of nostalgia, I could look into old, or family orientated photos that are versatile and could relate to many people trying to gain that connection, bring up a memory it reminds themselves of. As I’ve lent from my previous assessments people look at images and interpret them differently, depending on how they have been brought up, where they lived , experiences thieve had, memories etc.,  taking different things from them that in change make it personnel to themselves.

Image I found hear is a good example; siloes could be an effective way to start a connecting between the people looking to buy a piece to your design making them more willing to buy. The silhouette makes it easy for person looking to fill in the blanks on their experiences and may get a warm sense of feeling belonging, happy as it reminds them of their happy childhood.

So I have come to the conclusion that enable to make an object treasurable it has to-

Have some significant meaning to that person personally,

Provoke a feeling that makes them feel good

Have family values/ memories, connects an everyday object to the owner.

Money isn’t a factor in this sense although some people may treasure their big flashy car, I think mostly this is more because what has gone on before getting that car, how hard they have worked and achieved what they need to get the car so it then has more significant meaning it is a sense of achievement an accomplished goal, or alternative your first car giving to you not much but you treasure it because it is a stepping stone into your future the first, a gift, support from your family.

Assignment 3 : Design Safari

 These assignments were designed to use our observation skills, to observe people and the way they act in a particular environment. This was also an introduction into ethnography and to hopefully get an understanding of design – how design actually interacts works with the users rather than focusing on only the design of an object. This has made me think more on the importance of design I think if you are designing something in particular the designer should spend a lot of time researching and looking into the ways which people interact with the objects in that certain place etc looking at many factors in that environment as a part of producing a final more effective design (object).

 Using design tools –

Design tools are a really good way of sorting out all those rushed note takeing  jibberish I often find myself doing. I always find myself taking notes quickly onto a piece of paper which often comes out pretty messy and sometimes confusing, it’s a fast way of getting the information that I want to remember down so I don’t forget the only thing is it can be quite difficult to sort out or make total sense of when I go back to it. That’s why design tools are a good idea to keep your notes understandable and readable over time. In this case I’ve found it really useful this year in particular to do mind maps, it enables to use different relationship lines and channels, makes notes much clearer and can be really effective of remembering your  thoughts and ideas quickly can also add little drawing Tools like Texts I could use templates to sort and write down mini do lists include time and date allow me to keep on top of my work. Poster tools can be very useful in the future for setting up shows and exhabitions of my jewellery designs, enables me to advertise can be quite cheap if I do it myself.

Observe and Record

I decided the bingo hall would be a good place to go to do some ‘observing’ so I got my friend and went on Friday , the end of the working week and typically the night you look forward to, go out let your hair down and do the things you like.

For my friend and I this wasn’t ether of our norm chosen places to go so needless to say we did feel pretty uncomfortable. 

On the way in:

There was a group of 6-7 people all standing some smoking others just standing enjoying the chit chat, the atmosphere hear was rather up beat they all were smiling and lathing, it was like they had some kind of little spark excitement their body language was relaxed and engaging with the others around them as they as stood inward in a kind of circular shape. I got the sense that these people where defiantly regulars , that they didn’t come together they just know each other from going there each week and at the end of the week they enjoy bumping into the faces they recognise and socialise.I hoverer arriving felt myself at unease, walking through the door past the ‘regulars’ had made me feel pretty uncomfortable, now that I think back I can recall how the others had responded towards us, because I felt uncomfortable my initial reacting was just to walk in quick and by the mad that worked there with my head down, so wither they were actually smiling and greeting us as we entered I don’t know because I had allowed myself to miss it. 

The feeling continued as I went to buy the tickets I felt lost neither of us had a clue what we were doing or what we were to ask for, whereas the others in front of us where walking in and going through the getting in procedure care free and quickly I might add. I was feeling confused and a tad stupid standing for a few seconds thinking what do we do? With my friend before we went to the desk. I got the sense that this was defenetlay a place for the regulars.

Observing the surroundings:

We got to a seat and sat looking around watching people that came in. I watched two middle aged woman come in both with their black trousers on and their long coats, they carried rather dressy handbags on their shoulder and both walked in and sat down as if knowing exactly where they were going to sit , what I found interesting is that they were both holding their books and their membership card on top, on show as it were like they had a sort of pride walking holding it knowing they where a part of something.

Ii observed more and realised people hear seemed to have their own seat talking to my friend about this she thought it was down to their superstition, looking into this theory we saw familiar little patterns around the hall, how people would change the colour of pens they use after different books, they didn’t just come with one but several and it wasn’t just the odd 1 or two it was everyone we could see, I wondered if this was one of the bingo rules, and how it became one in the first place is it a case of everyone else does so I will, a way of belonging more and being a part of the environment.

 Another one of the first things I was going to look at was body language. This was the first thing I saw. This made me laugh as they were both sitting in the exact same pose, there concentrating and taking the bingo playing very sereis.

Although there was some variety in age my friend and I couldn’t help feeling too young, I wondered why we couldn’t just relax and let go. Though I think it is quite safe to say we didn’t fit into the look. Everyone seemed to dress similar, they dressed a kind of smart casual, smart jeans or black trousers with a plain top / jumper type, although clothes wise the style wasn’t particularly in, or really fancy as we looked around we seemed to notice that everyone had on their jewellery.

It was very everywhere I looked the women where wearing gold, necklaces were long gold thin and simple a few had pendants at the bottom, and they wore hooped gold earrings and several gold rings.

 All these woman down left hand side simillare age wearing very simillar gold jewellery.

A style/dressed up/valuble/will be passed on to releteves when the die

 As we discussed this we both came to an understanding that this was generally their night out, a place and time they feel comfortable and enjoy themself. Their clothes might not be so glamorous its very seamy dress down smart like generally everyone else there, it’s as if they were staying in the guide lines to what was right to were hear, what everyone else wore maybe another way to fit in. We pictured the process they would go through before going here, they would look forward to it all day have their supper and get their bingo were clothes that they would have had pre ironed in their wardrobe, something a little different they were hear, and we could picture them going into their jewellery box and putting all their most expensive pieces on.  The process of looking forward to that time they got to were those nice clothes and put on the jewellery they wouldn’t normally everyday, making the whole experience more enjoyable for themselves as they feel good about how they look.

 When I look at how my friend and I are dressed were pretty alike, but definitely stand out hear I get the feeling that other people here would notice this to and probity know a lot of the faces in the place. 

Jewellery- like mine its more big and chunky less valuble.

 Makes a statment about what kind of click your in. Like the women and men at the bingo who all where their expensive gold.

- clothes are more brightly coltherd, more high street fashion, i was wering simular blue cardy. shows we have a lil click.

As I have seen a few people come in point across the room n then say oh hello followed by their first name but then sit down at their place and carry on their self, the sense of knowing the person from going hear not outside it, like they don’t know them that well as a friend. My friend and I got into a discussion of if we were to come in really loudly dressed with the big make up bit heels colourful clothes so out of the style there following hear that we would definitely attract attention. It wouldn’t necessary be a bad kind of attention just the kind that were standing out something there not used to and perhaps we may make a few of the older regulars threatened hear. Another thing we both felt that we just weren’t series enough about the game to be regular bingo goers, we what I found weird is that we couldn’t really get to talk differently somewhere I couldn’t go to with a friend simply because I want to just have a big gab with them but hear you can’t. Perhaps that’s why a lot of people hear feel so comfortable going alone.

Environment 2 Train Station

 Compared to the bingo hall which was a place of acceptance and people coming together as a part of a community to socialise and enjoyment the train station was more of a pace people go to get somewhere else, transitions aren’t actually a place u go to meet people or socialise generally you go there to get the quickest due train possible to get you elsewhere. Watching people this became quite clear when I think about it does anyone actually enjoy being in a train station not really threes always the frustration that your train is late and god forbid u need to wait in the station an extra ten minutes.

Like the bingo hall , people at the stations do to follow the rules , fall into a certain click, as were only here to get home ect we don’t feel the need to engage with others or socialise therefore I think people have became unknowingly that little bit more hostel less friendly. Instead of buying tickets from the ticket box there are several ticket machines u operate yourself put the money in and use generally this was what everyone was using, people come in their self buy their ticket hear and stand alone looking up at the boards waiting on getting on the train there is no need to communicate with anyone, and the people that come in as little groups do exactly the same thing get there ticked and find a place to stand amongst there self making no acknowledgments of the people around them, it’s quite ironic and I get the image of these machines encouraging to not communicate as the majority of people hear use these machines and not the old fashioned so to speak ticked office where u actually engage with someone.

I was with my boyfriend and he had used the machine after he did I did this to. When I asked later why he had used the machine instead of the box office he replied he thought the train was due, but once we had got the tickets we noticed on the bored we were wrong the train wasn’t due for another 20min- a mistake on loss communication, if we were to go to the ticket box we and talked to someone we wouldn’t have made the mistake is it all just a communication barrier I wonder that Is taking part on the stress and hustle of everyone around us apprehension on in case they miss their train I wonder if there was more communication everyone would relax a bit and be less rush. 

Crouded lots of people hear, not really talking, have no intention talking to people as likly not see them again.

In the station I don’t feel uncomfortable like I did in the bingo I think that’s because train station is just that thing for everyone a means of transport. I am used to travelling by trains hear but I wonder how someone who wasn’t would feel hear particularly a tourist/ someone new to the environment and doesn’t understand the language. I wonder if they'ld  find it dawning and distressing if they’ld able to get much help in getting someone to communicate where thieve to be. I went to Barcelona in summer last year and had attempted to use the undergrounds this was really confusing It was so different to what I was used to and no one was there to tell us where I was to go. I remember when I finally did get my ticket still unsure if it would take me to where I wanted to go I had another hurdle to get past, it was there version of our put your ticket in the space take it and walk through the gate, needless to say I didn’t have a clue and felt really stupid when I had attempted like 3times and started to cause a cue behind me, even though the woman was telling me what to do, I just didn’t understand because it was different to me. I’m guessing people there and there analysing of me would have been strait on ‘tourist’.

Assignment 2: What images mean

The purpose of this assignment was to explore and gain an understanding of the concept of ‘polysemy’  the idea in which images mean a variety of things between different people,  but when text is added it then fixes the meaning.

Advertising

This was a little experiment I carried out, testing Roland Barthes’s theory talked about in his essay “The Rhetoric of the Image”. I looked through various web pages and search engines looking for advertisements that used adds with a large visual image and only little text to tie in and advertise that product. I came to find that most of these advertising agencies’ where finding the whole use of ‘image’ sales to its full advantage. They seem to use images that are shore to interact and appeal to the public enabling the public to be interested and lead into buying their products on an image that is sometimes to the eye irrelevant. For my experiment I have asked several male and female pupils who are currently studying in an art/design discipline what they thought of the images and what they thought was showing, not mentioning that these were actually ads. Later I got them to guess what they think the images would be advertising with the text covered up by myself it was proven hard to guess.

Image 1

So hear is the first image I had chosen to show, this was the response I got.

“ I think it shows ambition, safety, has a kind of old vintage style, the girl is looking in to maybe her dads eyes, lovingly or pleading. It looks like she is waiting on a response for something she’s wanting”

So when I asked if they could give a guess to what this could be advertising, they were kind of stumped they found it hard and guessed maybe a toy or for permeation to go out playing.

The facts

This was an image that was actually advertising a new burger from a fast food chain called “Wendy’s (WEN) burger” in the U.S.

Looking at the image myself I would agree it’s rather hard to get that from the information but when in the context and you know the facts it starts making more sense. I had a discussion about this and a few good points where made on it actually being quite a sad image, it shows marriages that have failed and the dad coming to take the kids out to a popular fast food chain when he was them at the weekend. That without a doubt wen in a fast food chain like MacDonald’s etc. u can expect to find this. The add is then able to communicate and connect to a wide range of people who can take the image and make it in to something they like to respond to.

 http://www.bnet.com/blog/advertising-business/in-new-wendy-8217s-ad-will-people-see-founder-8217s-daughter-or-obesity-crisis/6587

Image 2

What was said

“Looks  like a glamorous woman? Looks kind of seedy like she’s not to be trusted all the pink makes it look fake, maybe a marriage breakup. Doesn’t look like she belongs in that kind of classy restaurant. Fake suggestion to me maybe advertising fake tan, some kind of makeup the idea of a girl doing herself all up before a night out to get into that more sophisticated place were she’s not necessarily used to going or can afford. Maybe advertising a hand bag?.

“The words fake and last night combing all the flirtatious colours of the pinks looks like a temptress , flirty sexual, alcohol man involved. Leads me to think it may be an ad for Ann summers? Some kind of sexual enhancement  ...”

The real image

The advertising company has clearly grasped on the idea of sex sells, the add is flirty, and rather sexual with the use of images and innuendos from the main title and smaller text at the bottom. The use of all the pinks this add is looking to attract woman to this product which I believe it would be very successful in selling this product.

Image 3

Thoughts

“The image looks like its related to pain (needle) a long loving for something, text is like there striding towards a goal the pain is a symbol of that long road had to go to gain the success at the end.

Add a tattoo”

The taste leads me to think it’s something u splurge yourself on, don’t get carried away could be a low calorie chocolate or alternative to lose weight. The needle and white clove could refer to cosmetic surgery and the pain. “at last” it’s showing the intensity of cosmetic surgery how far people will go to achieve what they want to look at.

The real image

 I really liked this advertisment once text is put in context its actually really smart and works well again it has a clear concentrated audence , those whom are diabetic. i think this product avterises really well and ould sell a lot.

A deeper thought ...

Well I've had some time to think more into my last assingment, I feel I did get a lot from my partners photos although I did find it a struggle as I only had a few photos of her home, I feel I would have got a much greater understanding on who she is as a person if she was in the photos herself. This makes me wonder on why she did not send photos of her self growing up in this task, does this say anything about her personality? is she scared of being judged? or scared of a secret being reveild that she would like to keep hidden. If so is it societys fault and is she just one out of many who feel the same. Magazines and tellivision are constantly pressuring people on looking good pushing re-appering images of what is acceptable and what's not. Girls I feel suffer a great deal more than boys in this area. My partner in this task had refared to my apperance in almost every picture "look good", "wears quite a bit of make-up ...Again this shows she likes to look good and make an effort"." hair always looks well".

I found my partners pick up on my make up quite facinating, to my self I were it because I enjoy the process of applying it, the colours, to me its all about fun and that enjoyment of getting ready to go out that night. I love experementing with different looks to create individuality based on mood I'm feeling that night. Seeing from another ones point of veiw I guess my bright make-up could be singled out more, especaily if your someone who dosnt were much themselfs. Therfore have i wonder if i have unconciously fallen victim of the powers behind marketing off the high glossy glam mags and there ideoligy of the correct 'image' makeing my self splash out my own money on big expensive make-up brands , MAC, BENEFIT, URBAN DEKAY.
 I also raise the question of how confident women in their own skin these days? Thinking of a typical weekend out all girls are out dressd to kill, full face on, tangoed, stilletos, extentions, and more 'fackory' all down to the preassue of looking good in todays socioty. Which makes me think what percentages of  us girls in your average nightclub are actually going natural , feeling confident in there selfs to step out the door whithout doing ther face up and spending lots of time aand money on that new swanky outfit..... I'm guessing not many.

My partner found it a little hard to get a deeper thought into my personality, I think maybe prehaps she was looking at the surface my apperance, not saying she was fully concious of doing it but think this overshadowed some things that where apparent in the picture .

Note s from partners blog from photo I had sent.

I agree with some things said, allthough her asumptions of music taste was a little off, I actually have quite an individual taste in music, i took a lot of inspiration of music from my dad and his love of classic 80s acts like the sex pistols, Echo and the bunny men, The Doors and one of my all time favorites The smiths. I love going to gigs and seeing local unsinged acts, thers several gig tickets and flyers of bands I have seen and been to on the door as well as pictures of Pete Doherty and Carl Barat former members of Libertines one of my many favorites. I know it might have been a little hard to tell in the picture though, there are also cards from one of my best places to go out in Glasgow 'The arches' which was not picked up on.

I can be really shy at times and i think this picture shows this so well with my facial expressions and stance, I am most happy and confident when i amm surrounded with my family and freinds which I think was also shown well in other pictures.

 My partner had picked up on not seeing a lot of jewellery or being not so expensive which was rather true, If im out and see somthing i like i would normally just buy it where it with an outfit to cordanate then dump it in a box and never go back to for a long time which was quite interesting. After looking at this picture though i realised the braclet I was wering was one of my most favorites and least expensive on my part. Its from one of my closest freinds whene we first knew eatch other on a night out we both exchanged a braclet we were wearing i gave her a little blue one which she still owns and i have this little beeded pinky purply coloured one. Which now that i stop and think about it is actually one of my most commonly worn peices of jewellery. Sure its not worth much but behind its apperance to me its meaningfull and represents in a way that strong bond and freindship, which was really nice to think aboutt so will have to thank my partner for bringing that up.

My interest in jewellery is still apparent in the picture, the pictures behind me where peices I made and photographed on my inspired theme of sealife and entrapment 'feeling claustrophobic'. These were a series i studied  and developed. Maybe if looked a little closer could have linked the bouy and the design peices on the wall looking at their form. Prehaps a more time spent into looking at the photo would have came to the conclusion, although one thing that may be apparent may be a totally different case to another, as peoples veiws and how they see things are different. And maybe that is why my makeup wearing  and getting dressed up ways was looked at a lot more, because it is different to my partner and what she normally does ie more girly girl thank make-up wearing, and thats why it stands out to notice a lot more. As we have a different veiw at things, which I find really interesting and found was an enjoyable experement.

The return of the Assignments

So we are back from our holidays and straight into design studies. The book ‘Snoop: What your stuff says about you’ by Sam Gosling was suggested a good read particularly for our first assignment, the book looked into the idea of a person’s belongings and environment being able to revile their personality.

We were paired up at random with other students from different departments, making sure we did not know them in able to make it work. 

 At first glance I feel this person is quite a girly girl, the big bag of different colourd  wool  makes me think that she really enjoys her area of study(textiles) and may be into several traditional craft methods. The two pinkie coloured cushions made up of different materials and shapes, I think this may have been something she’s made herself may have been influenced by the colours and flowers, I think this person makes a lot of textile things in her spare time and has been doing so for a little while know and uses it as a way to make some extra money maybe by selling some pieces. Theirs a made collage of photographs of family and perhaps of her younger years growing up, this shows she is a person who is close to her family and holds her friendships close which also leads me to assume that she may make her friends/family little textile gifts. There’s a few art works displayed around the room, she has placed one of two birds above her bed I think she likes these colours and the subject matter, and since she has chosen to hang it above her bed it leads me to believe this painting is somewhat personnel to her and that might mean a lot.

Theirs a pink guitar in the corner, again another girly colour think she has interest in wide ranges of music, including acoustic she may have been playing for a few years, perhaps learnt got lessons in school. Likes to go out see live bands with friends and have a good time.

I think this person is a nice childlike friendly person, as there are more ‘cuddle’s’ up in the left hand corner on top of her shelf, some look quite old, she has held on to them because they’re precious to her cant part with them, or keeps them for memories of her childhood and her relationships of the people who gave them to her, Again says gets on well with family, friendly person may like to reminisce bout pass times and childhood. Although the pink and red spotted bears a few shelf’s down look like something they may have got recently, Looks like something may get out of craft fairs exhibitions, which makes me think she may like going to these sort of things, and may even buy herself a few pieces just to collect a bit of art.  A few books not sure what any are, except the first aid book, which I don’t know maybe she has taken a class in first aid or she’s just being sensible.  Looks like a tidy organised person, so she may be this way when it comes to her studies likes to be organised and on top of things.

This picture made me assume that she likes cooking with the cook book in the corner and oven mitt, there are a few old looking ornaments up on shelf’s near the windows, many of them cats which I there is a bowl on the floor again with girly pink colours which shows they may have their own cat, which says they like animals and is a caring person. Also think she may have an interest in birds after having the painting in the bedroom and several puffin ornaments. Well that’s my thoughts and assumptions, hopefully I got a few things right.

Ok so the next thing we were to do was to exchange our findings. Below is a link to see what was said about me. Pretty much everything was spot on.
 http://designmetheworld.wordpress.com/about/

Assignment 4,Reading and Reviewing

In this assignment i was to choose one book and one journal article from my bibliography from Assignment 3. And to consider whether their ideas are opinion, or evidence-based. And look into  how good their evidence actually is. And if they explain how they got it and how they analysed it. In Assignment 3 i looked at Crime Prevention and thought about how design could aid in the decrease in crime rates.

The first Journal chosen is " Between the lines: an evaluation of the Secured Car Park Award Scheme written byDavid G Smith Mick Gregson and James Morgan.The main purpose of this article is to encourage those responsible for car parks in order to improve security as a way of reducing criminal activity, reducing the fear of crime in itself  and the perception of crime in all car parks and vehicle retention areas. The author questions the importance of  Car Park award scheme (SCP) car parks and if they have lower levels of crime than other car parks and if the Secured Car Park award scheme lead to reductions in car crime.
The journal is very event based  based on findings of an evaluation of the scheme by Morgan Harris Burrows and the Holden McAllister Partnership.This is when i believe truth in this journal as the amount of evident-base and research put into is substantial as they take on board numerous primary and secondary sources such as, holding interviews with people of importance - scheme representatives and stakeholders, 600 of which in Nottingham and 375 in Manchester, also collection of data on crime and disorder gained by requesting the information which where available for the car parks in these study areas the raised problem was the time the police then took to look out and let gain access to information, leading to possibility of date information being processed,  additional interviews with local car park operators and police, other locals, organising and holding workshops and surveys  with Architectural Liaison Officers.

"One of the major obstacles to the research was obtaining accurate crime information."

Showing extent to find the f truth in their article/non-opinion/guessed

The most important pieces of information are the 6 case studies taken in the car parks of  Manchester, Nottingham, Cheltenham, Northampton, Canterbury and Daventry. These case studies provide a number of verifies factors including the environment and its surroundings, different towns, private/authority owned car parks. Surveys are taken in these different factors and engage with the public in getting their true opinions on touching subjects of crime in the car parks.

 One of these surveys carried out was " What makes a car park safe from crime ". A table as provided showing the takings of the Percentage of responses. A huge 59% out of 70%  thought that 'Regular patrols/high visibility of staff around car park' would prevent crime in the car park, 56% thought that 'CCTV (video)' camera coverage would aid in prevention of crime followed by 46% who thought that 'Good lighting' would aid to prevent crime. Only a tiny 5% of people surveyed that a 'well maintained, clean and tidy' car park would make it safer joined with 5% of people who surprisingly thought that having 'No young people hanging around car parks' would make care parks more safe and prevent crime.

Another important piece of  important information was the table shown based on the figures from the survey  Number of reported crime in Northampton city car parks 2001', this table showed in in creasing order a total of percentages per 1,000 spaces in car parks. Taking factors such as the size, and opening hours. It clearly shows the reported number of thefts in Nottingham car parks, investigating weather or not  SCPs where in fact lowering crime rates in car parks.
The table backed up the SCP schemes as successful, it shows the lowest crime

levels in Nottingham city centre where under the SCP scheme, two of which had the award turned out to have absolutely no reported crime in the car park since its opening in (1997). Overall showing crime rates in car parks were generally more higher than those undergoing SCP award.

This leads the author to then conclude  that  SCPs in the study areas had the lowest levels of car park

crime. The award schemes where generally improving standers of car parks and their security.

"CCTV cameras in Northampton have had the capability for ANPR (see, for example,

Parking Today, 2000) since April 2001. The local police believe that this has had a big

impact on general crime levels in the town"

The impact on (Scp)s procedures verifying its impact in car parks.

The implication is to support SCps in the future and keep expanding them across other big cities, and having greater empathise placed on more higher ratted crime parks. To further improve security, if leaving to do could therefore raise the rate of crime/thefts, and the increase in fear of the people using the car parks. The authors main view was focused on SCp , i think he has partly done this to inform others who may have not known about the award. As I for one had never known or thought of issues in Carparks being before. His view is looking forward on the way crime could b prevented or massively lowered.

The second chosen is 'Identification of Environmental Design Methods and Techniques for Preventing Vandalism Between the lines: an evaluation of the Secured Car Park Award Scheme'  written by

Mohsen Faizi, Seyed-Bagher Hosseini and Sina Razzaghi.

The main purpose of this article is to introduce and distinguish the idea of Vandalism in the environment and investigate methods used in environmental and urban design, and to focus on the theory of environmental design which aims to discover the important aspects which would lead to forming and maintaining a safe stable space against vandalism. This paper states that the most important aspects for preventing vandalism in urban spaces are having high level of security, comfort and control. The author asks the questions can Crime such as vandalism be prevented through Enviromental design, and if designing defensible spaces improves levels on Crimes like Vandalism.

“Environmental Design is an organized and creative
way which its purpose is being effective and
responsive towards the dynamic changes in cities and
other urban areas. Architectures and urban designers,
through formulating different patterns and policies, try
to meet the social, economic, cultural, and
environmental needs of societies” Government of
South Australia, 2002.

 

The most important information in this article is the piece about the 'theory of preventing crime by using environmental design (CPTED)'. This was introduced firstly by Jeffrey in 1971 which was based on effective designs in the environment can promote security and decrease the
frequency of crime. He looks at four main principles in the aid to improving frequency of crime such as 'natural surveillance in space', 'controlling access to
space', 'limiting the space', and 'protection' and' management of space'. the author has used the sources from the research and facts provided by Jeffrey in 1971 and also by Newmans book on 'defensible spaces and preventing crime by urban deign'.

The article concludes that qualities such as security, comfort, richness, and surveillance are key environmental features. And that promoting these high qualities leads to spaces which are more unlikely being vandalised this is also the overall assumption of the authors . Looking into designs philosophy using evidence to reduce vandalism by limiting opportunity's for crimes.  The implication is to support (CPTED) taking more consideration into the environment being a means to reduce crime rates as shown in his evidence doing so will lead to increase in quality and reduction of vandalism, if failing to continue or stop following methods of (CPTED) then increase the risk of environment spaces becoming more inviting to vandalism and crimes. It should be carried out to limit spaces prone to vandalism such as eliminating dark places at night, places which are empty of people,Open and deserted spaces, and spaces which attract a special class of people and provide light, creating the sense of ownership of the space by proper protection and management, creating mixed uses in the space and avoid the creation of closed-off places and dead ends.

The main view and aim of he article is to further conduct research and investigate all factors and criteria for the evaluating  the environment in decrease in vandalism in public spaces and prevention of crime. I feel this is good aim as unlike the first article there isn't a lot of  secondary research where surveys and interviews etc have been taking place article is more factual based on the information gained and researched of other peoples findings of facts and figures dealing with crime prevention in the environment. The article is to 'further' the conduction of research in this field.

 

Assingment 4, Biblograpy

References

Abaszadegan, M. (2003). Socio-psychological

dimensions of urban open spaces. Journal of

International Engineering Science, 1(16): 69-84.

Alexander, K. (1987). New Theory of Urban Design.

New York & Oxford: Oxford University

Press

Commission for Architecture and the Built

Environment. (2000). By Design: Urban Design

In the Planning System: Towards Better Practise.

London: Department of Environment, Transport

and the Regions.

Cowan, R. (2005). The Dictionary of Urbanism.

London: Streetwise Press.

Dagenhart, R. (2005). Encyclopedia of the City.

London: Routledge.

Davis, L. (2000). Urban Design Compendium.

London: English Partnership and the Housing

Corporation.

Dehkhoda, A. (1998). Dehkhoda Dictionary. Tehran:

University of Tehran Publication.

Eckbo, G. (1998). Landscape for living. Harvard

Designs Magazine, 6:13-20.

Francis, M. (1989). Control as a Dimension of Public

Space Quality. New York: Plenum.

Goldstein, A. (1996). Psychology of Vandalism.

London: Springer.

Golkar, K. (1999). Urban design theories: an

integrated conceptual framework for typological

analysis of theories. Soffeh. 29:16-33.

Government of South Australia. (2002). Crime

Prevention through Environmental Design and Design

: Adelaide.

Jacobs, J. (1969). The Death and Life of Great

American Cities. London: Jonathan Cape.

Lang, J. (1961). Urban Design - The American

Experience. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

Levu-Leboyer, C. (ed) (1984). Vandalism, Behavior

And Motivations. Amsterdam: North Holland.

Lynch, K. (2002). Theory of Good City Form. New

York: Van Nostrand Reinhold.

Moradi, N. (2002). Security indicators in urban spaces.

Shahrdariha. 41: 111.

Mortazaee, S.R. (2002). Solution in Urban Furniture

Design.Tehran: Organization of Municipalities Press.

Newman, O. (1972). Defensible Space: Crime

PreventionthroughUrban Design. New York:

McMillan.

Newman, O. (1996). Creating Defensible Space.

Washington: U.S. Department of Housing and

Urban Development.

Schneider, R.H. and Kitchen, T. (2002) Planning

 for Crime Prevention: A TransAtlantic

Perspective. London: Routledge.

Slobodian, P.J. and Browne, K.D. (2001) A Review

of Car Crime in England and Wales.

British Journal of Social Work, vol. 31, p 465-480.

Smith, M.S. (1996) Crime Prevention through

 Environmental Design in Parking Facilities.

Research in Brief. Washington DC: National I

nstitute of Justice.

Smith, M.S. (1996) Crime Prevention through

 Environmental Design in Parking Facilities.

Research in Brief. Washington DC: Nationa

l Institute of Justice.

Smyth, B. (1993) Brightening Up Car parks.

Crime Prevention News. London: Home Office

Sykes, J. (1979). Designing Against Vandalism.

London: Design Council.

Tilley, N. (1993) Understanding Car Parks,

 Crime and CCTV: Evaluation Lessons from Safer

Cities. Police Research Group, Crime

Prenvetion Unit Paper 42. London: Home Office.

Turvey, B.E. (2005). Criminal Profiling. London:Elsevier.

URBED (1994) Vital and Viable Town Centres:

 Meeting the Challenge. London: HMSO.

WCJ (1999a) Secure Car Park Scheme

Teleresearch (unpublished report June 1999).

WCJ (1999b) Secure Car Park Scheme

 Teleresearch: Addendum to June 1999 Research

(unpublished report October 1999).

Webb, B., Brown, B., and Bennett, K.

 (1992) Preventing Crime in Car Parks.

 

Crime Prevention Unit Series,London: Home OfficeP,34.

Webster, D. and Pengelley, R.

(1997) ParkSafe 97 The Secured Car Parks Scheme. Thame:

The Thames Valley Partnership.

Weinmyer, V. M. (1969). Vandalism by design: a

critique. Landscape Architecture, 13:21-29.

.Welsh, B.C. and Farrington, D.P. (2002) Crime Prevention Effects of Closed Circuit Television:

A Systematic Review. London: Home Office Pay and Dismay. p,330-333.

Wilson, J.Q. and Kelling, G.L. (1982) Broken Windows. The Atlantic Monthly, p 29-38.

Wraige, H. (2001) Parking’s Lot, Professional Engineering, vol 14, p 43.

Yarahmadi, M. (1999). Towards Humanitarian

Urbanism. Tehran: Urban Planning and

Processing Company.